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Compare Spratly Islands (2008) - Northern Mariana Islands (2004)

Compare Spratly Islands (2008) z Northern Mariana Islands (2004)

 Spratly Islands (2008)Northern Mariana Islands (2004)
 Spratly IslandsNorthern Mariana Islands
Administrative divisions - none (commonwealth in political union with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four municipalities at the second order; Northern Islands, Rota, Saipan, Tinian
Age structure - 0-14 years: 20.3% (male 8,286; female 7,625)


15-64 years: 78.1% (male 25,579; female 35,534)


65 years and over: 1.6% (male 603; female 625) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts, fruits, vegetables; cattle
Airports 3 (2007) 6 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)		 total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)		 total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea		 total: 477 sq km


land: 477 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 14 islands including Saipan, Rota, and Tinian
Area - comparative NA 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim. Under US administration as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific, the people of the Northern Mariana Islands decided in the 1970s not to seek independence but instead to forge closer links with the US. Negotiations for territorial status began in 1972. A covenant to establish a commonwealth in political union with the US was approved in 1975. A new government and constitution went into effect in 1978.
Birth rate - 19.77 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $193 million


expenditures: $223 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY01/02 est.)
Capital - Saipan
Climate tropical tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June, rainy season July to October
Coastline 926 km 1,482 km
Constitution - Covenant Agreement effective 4 November 1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands		 conventional long form: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands


conventional short form: Northern Mariana Islands


former: Mariana Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 2.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - NA
Dependency status - commonwealth in political union with the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
Disputes - international all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands none
Economic aid - recipient - extensive funding from US
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed. The economy benefits substantially from financial assistance from the US. The rate of funding has declined as locally generated government revenues have grown. The key tourist industry employs about 50% of the work force and accounts for roughly one-fourth of GDP. Japanese tourists predominate. Annual tourist entries have exceeded one-half million in recent years, but financial difficulties in Japan have caused a temporary slowdown. The agricultural sector is made up of cattle ranches and small farms producing coconuts, breadfruit, tomatoes, and melons. Garment production is by far the most important industry with employment of 17,500 mostly Chinese workers and sizable shipments to the US under duty and quota exemptions.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Agrihan 965 m
Environment - current issues NA contamination of groundwater on Saipan may contribute to disease; clean-up of landfill; protection of endangered species conflicts with development
Ethnic groups - Chamorro, Carolinians and other Micronesians, Caucasian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Korean
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Juan N. BABAUTA (since NA January 2002); Lieutenant Governor Diego T. BENAVENTE (since NA January 2002)


cabinet: NA


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held NA November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: Juan N. BABAUTA elected governor in a four-way race; percent of vote - Juan N. BABAUTA (Republican Party) 49%
Exports - NA
Exports - commodities - garments
Exports - partners - US (2000)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description - blue, with a white, five-pointed star superimposed on the gray silhouette of a latte stone (a traditional foundation stone used in building) in the center, surrounded by a wreath
GDP - purchasing power parity - $900 million


note: GDP estimate includes US subsidy (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $12,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA
Geographic coordinates 8 38 N, 111 55 E 15 12 N, 145 45 E
Geography - note strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean
Heliports 3 (2007) 1 (2003 est.)
Highways - total: 362 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (1991)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA
Imports - commodities - food, construction equipment and materials, petroleum products
Imports - partners - US, Japan (2000)
Independence - none (commonwealth in political union with the US)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - tourism, construction, garments, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - total: 7.25 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 7.18 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation - Interpol (subbureau)
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - Commonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court; Federal District Court
Labor force - 6,006 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (June 1995)
Labor force - by occupation - NA
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land: 13.04%


permanent crops: 4.35%


other: 82.61% (2001)
Languages - English, Chamorro, Carolinian


note: 86% of population speaks a language other than English at home
Legal system - based on US system, except for customs, wages, immigration laws, and taxation
Legislative branch - bicameral Legislature consists of the Senate (9 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year staggered terms) and the House of Representatives (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 1 November 2003 (next to be held 5 November 2005); House of Representatives - last held 1 November 2003 (next to be held 5 November 2005)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Covenant Party 9, Republican Party 7, Democratic Party 1, independent 1


note: the Northern Mariana Islands does not have a nonvoting delegate in the US Congress; instead, it has an elected official or "resident representative" located in Washington, DC; seats by party - Republican Party 1 (Pedro A. TENORIO)
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 75.67 years


male: 73.11 years


female: 78.38 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 96% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines Oceania, islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims NA territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - none
Military - note Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam defense is the responsibility of the US
National holiday - Commonwealth Day, 8 January (1978)
Nationality - noun: NA


adjective: NA
Natural hazards typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November)
Natural resources fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential arable land, fish
Net migration rate - 9.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [NA]; Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states		 78,252 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 2.71% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors - Saipan, Tinian
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)
Religions - Christian (Roman Catholic majority, although traditional beliefs and taboos may still be found)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.72 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.97 male(s)/female


total population: 0.79 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-670; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 21,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 3,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (on Saipan and one station planned for Rota; in addition, two cable services on Saipan provide varied programming from satellite networks) (1997)
Terrain flat southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate - 1.33 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - NA
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